The term 'Mamluk Sultanate' is a modern historiographical term. Under Sultan Barsbay major efforts were taken to replenish the treasury, particularly monopolization of trade with Europe and tax expeditions into the countryside.

Mamluk authority across the empire eroded under his successors due to foreign invasions, tribal rebellions, and natural disasters, and the state entered into a long period of financial distress. One such emir, Barquq, overthrew the sultan in 1390, inaugurating Burji rule. 1293–1294, 1299–1309, 1310–1341), before giving way to the internal strife characterizing the succession of his sons, when real power was held by senior emirs. The sultanate then experienced a long period of stability and prosperity during the third reign of al-Nasir Muhammad (r. By the end of the 13th century, through the efforts of sultans Baybars, Qalawun ( r. 1279–1290) and al-Ashraf Khalil ( r. 1290–1293), they conquered the Crusader states, expanded into Makuria ( Nubia), Cyrenaica, the Hejaz and southern Anatolia. They then conquered or gained suzerainty over the Ayyubids' Syrian principalities. The Mamluks under Sultan Qutuz and Baybars routed the Mongols in 1260, halting their southward expansion. The first rulers of the sultanate hailed from the mamluk regiments of the Ayyubid sultan as-Salih Ayyub ( r. 1240–1249), usurping power from his successor in 1250.

Mamluk history is generally divided into the Turkic or Bahri period (1250–1382) and the Circassian or Burji period (1382–1517), called after the predominant ethnicity or corps of the ruling Mamluks during these respective eras. The sultanate was established with the overthrow of the Ayyubid dynasty in Egypt in 1250 and was conquered by the Ottoman Empire in 1517. The Abbasid caliphs were the nominal sovereigns. It was ruled by a military caste of mamluks (manumitted slave soldiers) headed by the sultan. This book is part of a trilogy and is not a stand-alone.The Mamluk Sultanate ( Arabic: سلطنة المماليك, romanized: Salṭanat al-Mamālīk), also known as Mamluk Egypt or the Mamluk Empire, was a state that ruled Egypt, the Levant and the Hejaz (western Arabia) from the mid-13th to early 16th centuries. So please don’t listen to this if any of that bothers you. This is a dark high school bully romance, mature new adult, and contains dubious situations that some listeners might find offensive. I made the irrevocable mistake of provoking the king on his throne.ĭeviant King is book one of Royal Elite Series. I should’ve remained quiet and endured the time I have left.

His first words spiral my life into irreparable chaos. One glance and he issues his death sentence. One glance from the school’s king blows my plan up in smoke. Finish Royal Elite School and get into my dream university.

Deviant king royal elite